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| Radio Ga Ga, Queen Youtube video |
You've yet to have your finest hour ...
Radio, what's new?
Radio, someone still loves you." - Queen, Radio Ga Ga.
WiFi is a radio communications standard. The ArduinoOTA Library enables the ESP8266 to be reprogrammed over WiFi. This is especially handy if you used the ESP8266 for IoT devices and as a result mounted them in very useful but inaccessible places.
Regular IoT program updates is probably a necessity, as a cheap, portable and concealable Deauth Jammer can disable WiFi IoT devices within range. The recent Matheus Garbelini ESP32 and ESP8266 exploits mean ESP8266-based IoT devices will have to be re-programmed.
ArduinoOTA readily reprograms the NodeMCU ESP-12, but ArduinoOTA will not update the ESP-01, which has too little memory and will not update the ESP-01S with default settings. Now I could change to the ESP-12E - it is only slightly more expensive, but this also involves changing the IoT enclosure. Basically a rebuild.
It turned out that the Arduino IDE default settings for the 'Generic ESP8266 Module' assumes an ESP-01 which only has 512K memory and is not enough for ArduinoOTA. But the later and much more common modules are ESP-01S which has 1M memory.
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| ESP-01 and ESP-01S. Click for video. If you do not speak Spanish, just turn on the captions and set to auto-translate. |
I checked mine using esptool.py:
$esptool.py --baud=115200 --port=/dev/ttyUSB0 flash_id
esptool.py v2.7
Serial port /dev/ttyUSB0
Connecting....
Detecting chip type... ESP8266
Chip is ESP8266EX
Features: WiFi
Crystal is 26MHz
MAC: dc:4f:22:56:d9:bc
Uploading stub...
Running stub...
Stub running...
Manufacturer: 85
Device: 6014
Detected flash size: 1MB
Hard resetting via RTS pin...
To program it, first flash the ArduinoOTA Library BasicOTA using the usual programmer. On power-cycling the CH340, a new programming port should come up on your Arduino IDE. something like 'esp8266-xxxxxx at your_esp_ip_address'. Change your programming port to it.
To program the ESP-01S, first set Tools->Flash Size to 1M no SPIFFS. You can use the ArduinoOTA Library OTALeds sample program. Since OTALeds is for the ESP-12, make sure to change the line thus, so that the ESP-01S led gets assigned properly:
int led_pin = 1
The generic ESP-01S boards seem to work more reliably if I added a couple of Serial.print() statements in loop(). The modified program is:
#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
#include <ESP8266mDNS.h>
#include <WiFiUdp.h>
#include <ArduinoOTA.h>
const char* ssid = "your_wifi_hotspot";
const char* password = "password";
//variabls for blinking an LED with Millis
const short LED_BUILTIN_ESP01 = 1; //GPIO1
const int led =LED_BUILTIN_ESP01; // ESP8266 Pin to which onboard LED is connected
unsigned long previousMillis = 0; // will store last time LED was updated
const long interval = 1000; // interval at which to blink (milliseconds)
int ledState = LOW; // ledState used to set the LED
void setup() {
pinMode(led, OUTPUT);
Serial.begin(115200);
Serial.println("Booting");
WiFi.mode(WIFI_STA);
WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
while (WiFi.waitForConnectResult() != WL_CONNECTED) {
Serial.println("Connection Failed! Rebooting...");
delay(5000);
ESP.restart();
}
// Port defaults to 8266
// ArduinoOTA.setPort(8266);
// Hostname defaults to esp8266-[ChipID]
// ArduinoOTA.setHostname("myesp8266");
// No authentication by default
// ArduinoOTA.setPassword("admin");
// Password can be set with it's md5 value as well
// MD5(admin) = 21232f297a57a5a743894a0e4a801fc3
// ArduinoOTA.setPasswordHash("21232f297a57a5a743894a0e4a801fc3");
ArduinoOTA.onStart([]() {
String type;
if (ArduinoOTA.getCommand() == U_FLASH)
type = "sketch";
else // U_SPIFFS
type = "filesystem";
// NOTE: if updating SPIFFS this would be the place to unmount SPIFFS using SPIFFS.end()
Serial.println("Start updating " + type);
});
ArduinoOTA.onEnd([]() {
Serial.println("\nEnd");
});
ArduinoOTA.onProgress([](unsigned int progress, unsigned int total) {
Serial.printf("Progress: %u%%\r", (progress / (total / 100)));
});
ArduinoOTA.onError([](ota_error_t error) {
Serial.printf("Error[%u]: ", error);
if (error == OTA_AUTH_ERROR) Serial.println("Auth Failed");
else if (error == OTA_BEGIN_ERROR) Serial.println("Begin Failed");
else if (error == OTA_CONNECT_ERROR) Serial.println("Connect Failed");
else if (error == OTA_RECEIVE_ERROR) Serial.println("Receive Failed");
else if (error == OTA_END_ERROR) Serial.println("End Failed");
});
ArduinoOTA.begin();
Serial.println("Ready");
Serial.print("IP address: ");
Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
}
void loop() {
ArduinoOTA.handle();
//loop to blink without delay
unsigned long currentMillis = millis();
if (currentMillis - previousMillis >= interval) {
// save the last time you blinked the LED
previousMillis = currentMillis;
// if the LED is off turn it on and vice-versa:
ledState = not(ledState);
// set the LED with the ledState of the variable:
Serial.print("Writing to LED: "); // Seems to work better if I added debug statements
Serial.println(ledState); // Seems to work better if I added debug statements
digitalWrite(led, ledState);
}
}
Good luck with your ESP-01S. Happy Trails.
